amanita vaginata

Amanita Vaginata

This type of mushrooms can be found normally on the month of June till November. It has a cap with a diameter of about 3-10 with a colour of gray to grayish brown. At the beginning of its phase the cap is oval but as it is matured, gradually it becomes conical, convex and sometimes flattened as well. The gills are free and is not attached to the stipe, and moderately crowded together. The flesh is white and thin and its colour is not changed though it is brushed or even cut. Its stipe is about 2-22cm long 1-2 cm thick.

And Scientists has believed that these type of mushrooms are edible for health.

Amanita caesarea

This mushroom has an orange red cap, initially hemispherical before convex and finally flat. Its surface is smooth, and margins striated, and it can reach 15cm to 20cm in diameter. The gills are with the colour of pale to golden yellow has is cylinder stipe, which is 8-15cm tall and 2-3 cm wide. The hangs loosely and is lined above and smooth below. The base the stipe is thicker than the top and is seated in greyish-white cup like volva, which is remnant of universal veil. The spores are white in colour. Often found at the end of summer till mid fall.

flammulina

These are also termed as an edible mushrooms whose name is flammulina. It germinates in trees, and in ancient time it was used in order to prepare soups but it is also used for salads and different dishes. Also termed as golden needle mushroom. most of them found in japan and in china.

Shitake

This grows in the surface of a soft wood and can be cultivated in home as well. Brownish in colour and has a white dots or marks all over the surface of it. Also can be used as a medicinal herbs.

Gyanoderma

This is a special kind of a mushroom. its colour may be dark brown as well as red colour as well. This type of mushroom has a high medicinal value. There are many species of this mushroom like G. lucidum, G.applanatum, G.japonicum etc. the mentioned image is Gyanoderma lucidum. This mushrooms can be considered as a  medicine for diabetes, hepatitis, high blood pressure etc. and so on.
This also grows in the environment of wooden dusts.

auricularia

This is a special kind of edible mushrooms whose colour is brownish  and the shape is just like that of the human ear. It looks like a jelly like flesh. This germinates in the wooden surface and can be grown in the wooden powder as well as in the wood. This type of mushrooms are found in the forest and as well as it can be cultivated in the home as well. When eaten it is soft and crunchy and has a huge amount of protein like elements.

a well done button mushroom

The button mushrooms germinating, one of the most famous and popular edible mushrooms found all over the world. 

Edible mushrooms

There are various species all around the world but it is very essential to understand that the particular mushroom is edible or not, as both of them appears to be the same. It is also heard that lots of people have died due to the use of poisonous mushroom which comes from forest. It is very difficult to distinguish the poisonous and the non poisonous one  so it is very essential to understand the colour, shape and characteristics of the mushroom if you are going to bring it from the forest. That is why lots of people are doing the research for the same topic since long time ago. It is recommended not to do the direct use of the forest mushrooms rather only to utilize after treatment.


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I am trying to give all the possible mushroom species available in this world try to capture it.
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well done oyster mushroom

this is an image of a typical oyster grown by the people doing the production all over the world. the most common one. Perfectly suitable to eat as a delicious vegetable.

Life Cycle of Mushrooms

The life cycle of the mushrooms begins with the fungus, some are like the buttons of a cloth, and some are irregular depending upon the species of a mushroom. Generally a typical mushroom can be divides into three parts. Cap, gills and stipe.

 

The topmost part of it which is in the shape of an umbrella is called as cap. Underneath the cap there are lots of thread like structures which has a huge amount of spores, commonly a white colour, and this part is called gills, also a mail part for the life cycle process. Below it is a long trunk which is called stalk or stipe. Some of the mushrooms may have a ring like structure at the bottom known as cup, from where a lots of mycelium grows.

         After the spores located at the gills of a mushroom become matured, it automatically comes outside and once it gets the suitable environment, a new mushrooms germinates. The mushroom seeds are manufactured from these spores.

         During the collection of spores we should take a matured mushroom, we can ignore the  below, i.e the stem, we should consider only the cap of it. Now the gills present in it should be kept in a white paper for few days. After it is removed , we can find the spore prints attached in the paper. The thing to be noted: the spore prints depends upon the species of the mushrooms.

         Now those spore prints converts into small thread like structures called the mycelium, after few days a small white balls appears over it which is called primordia. These primordia after they get the suitable conditions like air, water, temperature etc. they gets converted into a mushroom after few days depending upon the species of the mushrooms. And hence finishes its life cycle giving a continuity to the spores. The characteristics of a mushroom like shape, colour, odour, etc. varies from species to species. The morphological characteristics also depends upon the species like the cap of an oyster mushroom is flattened rather than that of a button mushroom is convex. In the button mushroom the gills in the initial stage is pink in colour but later on it converts into dark brown colour. The stem is short and round and the colour of a matured mushroom is white.

         Rather in an oyster mushroom the cap is flat, with grey in colour and the gills are creamy. And hence the morphology depends upon the type of a mushroom.

The taxonomists has classified mushroom as:

Class:       Basidiomytes

Order:       Agaricales

Family:     Agaricaceae

genus:       Agaricus

species:    Bisporus

Mushroom Introduction

Mushroom is a kind of fungus. Its basic structure is a kind of white thread like elements. These fungus remain as if like a web of a spider. These fungus extract their food materials from the decayed substances from the environment. Basically being mushroom a vegetable it should have lied on the kingdom plant, but as its colour not being green or we can say as being the absence of chlorophyll in it, it lies the kingdom fungi. Which means it does not undergo photosynthesis and cannot prepare its food itself, rather we have to  provide a suitable temperature, humidity and air for its food preparation. It also has a different kind of life cycle very much different than that of plants. And unfortunately has a very less life span, may be less than a week, and hence very difficult to store mushrooms for a long period of time. Well most of the mushrooms are white in colour but may vary according to the types of mushrooms. A typical mushrooms carries lots and lots of spores around it which is why the person responsible for its cultivation has to wear a mask while going for the yield.

         If we talk about the structure of a mushrooms,  the shape and size of it may differ from the types of species, but a normal mushroom has a root below the substratum, a stipe above it, and a cap like an umbrella over its stem i.e. stipe, with the presence of a huge amount of gills below it. And this is a food which is very rich in protein as comparison to that of a meat. About the evolution of a mushroom different has their different view in this matter. In the ancient age it use to grow in the forest area  but later on it was developed by the people as a Cash crop. The most famous and popular whose name is Agricus Bisporus was brought in Paris during the period of 1800, and the process of producing the spawn for mushrooms reached to England afterwards, followed by us in 1890s and so on.  In the ancient age it is also said that in china, the Chinese people not only use the mushrooms for the food purpose, they also use them as a kind of medicine which use to make them young for a long period of time. Also the emperors of the Greek use to eat mushrooms as a most tasty item during their food. In this way mushrooms are famous since long time ago.

         After the development of mushrooms, the producers use to produce it in huge amount in the form of a cash crop and till now approx.  25-30  species of common eatable mushrooms are cultivated. And now in this generation not only for the tastier food but also for the medical and study purposes the mushrooms are in use. They are now cultivated in a large scale in the countries like China, Japan, Thailand, Philippines, Malaysia, Europe, America, Australia etc. The most mushroom producing country is china as the canned mushrooms from china roams all around the world.

Introduction

 It is my great pleasure that i am able to explain all my visitors about the mushroom. I am trying to give a brief summary of mushrooms including its ways of production, its uses, its merits, demerits whatever i can do from my side. My  vision not only for the advertisement but also to give the knowledge of a kind of healthy food and encourage them to maintain their good health. Me being a Nepali citizen i have given more priority in the context of Nepal. Basically Nepal being an agricultural country i guess most of the brothers and sisters are able to influence from my articles and improve their economic status as well as their concept of mushroom production.
I guess all the visitors from worldwide are able to understand about the characteristics of mushroom if they are keenly interested in mushroom researches.


Finally I would like to request all the visitors not to hesitate leaving the feedbacks as all those visitors are mostly welcome from my side.